Friday, August 28, 2020

Mantras Essay -- Mantra Spiritual Ancient Asia Essays

Mantras The Mantras are profound things utilized by the antiquated in Asia, presently a days this type of contemplation has extended and everybody approaches it. A Mantra can improve your way of life by showing you the specialty of contemplation, by carrying harmony to your spirit and by helping you control troublesome circumstances. A Mantra is a type of reflection that has existed for quite a while; it is utilized in the entire world and you don’t should be strict to utilize it. A Mantra is a useful tidbit that brings you quality while experiencing a difficult time; this word could be identified with your religion however this isn’t required. The most widely recognized Mantra is the â€Å"OM† which implies God in a generic manner however now days practically any heavenly word regardless of what religion can be utilized as a Mantra. For instance; the Catholic can...

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Love story set in World War One :: English Literature Essays

Romantic tale set in WWI A shell struck close to the channel, constraining flotsam and jetsam towards Robert. He got up with start. His companion chuckled at Robert's alarmed articulation. Are you still not used to that? Dougie said wryly, realizing that nobody would ever defeated the stun of the channels. Here, I spared you these. He gave over certain bread rolls. Robert expressed gratitude toward him. He attempted to break the bread to perceive how hard it was. He thought that it was hard to snap so he wet it and crushed it to little pieces with a block. He had taken in the most difficult way possible that gnawing rolls could without much of a stretch break teeth. Youthful Tom passed on Dougie said impassively, while picking lice from his head. Robert looked as he tossed them into the fire of a flame. Dougie had been in the war since the beginning and thought that it was anything but difficult to not get influenced by the kind of things that went on. Gracious. Robert and Tom were genuinely old buddies. They had spoken days sooner about how they were anticipating seeing their spouses. A protuberance shaped in Robert's throat. He talked with a stifled voice. What befell him? What influenced Robert the most in circumstances like this was they advised him that his life was for all intents and purposes good for nothing to the nation and that he was in genuine peril constantly. He realized that he could undoubtedly be dead inside the hour. He was shot on his side, about here, Dougie highlighted his lower back. He tumbled down and couldn't get back up. He suffocated in the mud. A shudder stimulated Robert's spine. He had heard numerous accounts of harmed men suffocating in the overwhelmed ground. He had consistently considered it to have been the most exceedingly terrible approach. Sinking into the mud. Feeling your mouth load up with the vile, watery soil. Having it in your throat. Not having the option to relax. Realizing that you could stop everything by standing up, yet being not able to. Going into obviousness. Biting the dust. Robert checked the rota. He was on guard obligation. His body throbbed. He was eating ineffectively, having little rest and working excessively. The conditions in the channel added to his terrible wellbeing massively. Insects secured his body and his disappointed scratching had implied that there were regions on his body where he had ripped at his skin off. His open injuries were frequently contaminated on the grounds that he once in a while had the chance to wash.

The Adaptation of Transcendentalism Free Essays

The Adaptation of Transcendentalism None of the visionary scholars were exceptionally well known during their lives. Their Ideas were totally thought to be wild and primitive when truly they were Just comparatively radical. Today, those equivalent thoughts that were believed to be too free and wild are really observed as genuinely manageable and mellow. We will compose a custom article test on The Adaptation of Transcendentalism or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Scholars, for example, Walt Whitman, Ralph Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were completely misjudged by society during their lives. The ordinary way of life during the hour of the early visionaries was moderate and the hlnklng was customary; along these lines, when Whitman, Thoreau, and Emerson began sharing their Ideas that conflicted with the conventional lifestyle, they were viewed as unclvlllzed and blunt. Presently, we can think back on the historical backdrop of America and perceive how the individuals who battled the mainstream method of thlnklng or addressed why things were how they were have caused original developments and changes In the lifestyle. Since we perceive change as something to be thankful for, we urge others to appear as something else and question society. We urge individuals to fight famous hinking in light of the fact that those sorts of individuals are what have made America the manner in which it is. Yet, before they were viewed as incredible personalities, the early visionaries were viewed as wild and their thoughts unbelievable. Ralph Emerson, for instance, composed, â€Å"A stupid consistency is the ogre of little personalities, worshiped by little legislators and logicians and divines. With consistency an incredible soul has basically nothing to do† (â€Å"Self-Reliance† 47-49, Emerson). By this Emerson is stating that individuals who need to keep things the equivalent Just on the grounds that that’s the way hello have consistently been aren't right and crazy. Without scrutinizing your lifestyle, extraordinary personalities can't rise and be incredible. At the time that he composed this individuals didn't feel a similar way. Society pushed to keep everything unaltered in light of the fact that that’s the manner in which it had consistently been done and it worked that way. Henry David Thoreau likewise composed something similarly yet about government. He composed, â€Å"This American government-what is it yet a convention, however an ongoing one, trying to transmit itself healthy to successors, yet every moment losing some Integrity (â€Å"Resistance to Civil Government† 25-27, Thoreau). Thoreau, similar to Emerson, discusses how authorizing convention is a crazy idea. Thoreau brings up that even the youthful government is attempting to ensure that through people in the future the framework would at present be â€Å"unimpaired† and steady. Once more, the Ideas gave by the two were not well known with most of society at that point yet turned out to be mainstream with future pioneers. The entirety of the pioneers In the past who have had any kind of effect have given something new. As Whitman says In one of his numerous sonnets, â€Å"l hear America slnglng, the differed tunes I hear ? , . Each singing what has a place with that person and to none else† (â€Å"l Hear America Singing† land 9, Whitman). Each pioneer who faced society, against the group, was singing their own melody. Well known pioneers, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. also, Gandhi sang the tunes of genuine equity and uniformity. Their â€Å"songs† or thoughts, however their own, were vigorously affected by those of the individuals who preceded them. They utilized the thoughts communicated in Thoreau’s celebrated exposition â€Å"Resistance Government†. wnen Martln Lutner King Jr. confined tne nlgnt In Blrmlngnam Jall he expounded on what made laws Just and shameful and addressed if the laws made by the larger part were really reasonable. That idea was propelled by the line in Thoreau’s article, â€Å"After all, the functional motivation behind why, when the force is once in the hands of the individuals, a greater part are allowed, and for a significant stretc h proceed, to administer, isn't on the grounds that they are the well on the way to be justified, nor on the grounds that this appears to be most attractive to the minority, but since they are genuinely the strongest† (Thoreau 57-61). By this e is stating that Just in light of the fact that things might be decided in favor of by the greater part, doesn’t essentially mean it’s reasonable for everybody and when Martin Luther King Jr. saw this it stuck and he at that point composed comparable thoughts developing the idea. Gandhi at that point did likewise when discussing peacefulness. He utilized Thoreau’s case of his one night in Jail to state that as opposed to fghting with our clench hands, utilize calm activities to pick up individuals on your side. These are Just two instances of the effect the visionaries made on history. When thought to be wild and blunt, the early visionaries are currently onsidered the beginning of what we are urged to do each day. They were extraordinary and expressed their genuine thoughts Just as we are urged to do now. They were the beginning of a domino impact in America where one incredible pioneer got their thoughts from an extraordinary pioneer before them, who some place down the line got their thoughts from one of the early visionaries. Presently thought to be gentle and tame, Walt Whitman, Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Emerson will perpetually stand out forever as the men who lived on through the thoughts of incredible pioneers. The most effective method to refer to The Adaptation of Transcendentalism, Papers

Friday, August 21, 2020

Kurt Vonnegut and City News Bureau Free Essays

1. In what year was Vonnegut conceived? Vonnegut was conceived in 1922. 2. We will compose a custom article test on Kurt Vonnegut and City News Bureau or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now What two schools did he join in? He went to Cornell University. The military sent him to the Carnegie Institute of Technology (presently Carnegie Mellon University) and the University of Tennessee to examine mechanical designing. 3. In spite of the fact that Vonnegut prepared as a scientist, what accomplished he fill in as? He filled in as an educator at the University of Iowa Writers’ Workshop. 4. What was his position at the City News Bureau of Chicago? He was the relating legal at the City News Bureau of Chicago. 5. Which of his books, in light of his encounters as a captive during War World II in Germany, made him a tycoon? Slaughterhouse-Five, a post-present day against war sci-fi novel managing a soldier’s (Billy Pilgrim). Likewise encounters during World War II and his excursions with time travel. 6. In what kind did Vonnegut regularly compose? Vonnegut’s experience as a trooper and POW affected his work, as should be obvious in the greater part of his books. Section 2: 1. How are George and Hazel Bergeron portrayed? What kind of life do they lead? There’s no physical depiction, it’s recently said that â€Å"Hazel has an impeccably normal insight, which implied she can’t consider anything aside from in short bursts†. Also, George is said to have a knowledge path better than average, however he has a little mental debilitation radio in his ear. â€Å"He is legally necessary to wear it consistently. It’s tuned to an administration transmitter. At regular intervals or something like that, the transmitter will convey some sharp clamor to maintain individuals like George from exploiting their minds. † They carry on with a basic normal life, similar to every other person in 2081! 2. What is the significance of the final expressions of the Bergeron’s, â€Å"that one was a doozy†? Ponder the commotion in the ears of her significant other, which means this one the sound was â€Å"extraordinaire†, unimaginable! The clamor in George’s ears is made so agonizing with the goal that he won’t have the option to focus on his child’s demise, and when Hazel let him know after that â€Å"Gee †I could tell that one was a doozy,† he answers â€Å"You can say that again†. In any case, she doesn’t see, so she thinks he needs her to rehash it, so she does! 3. In actuality, what ways do we attempt to make individuals equivalent? Accomplishes it work to make individuals equivalent, or just to make them the same? For what reason do you think we utilize these strategies? It is safe to say that they are compelling? By going to class for instance, just so individuals can have equivalent possibilities throughout everyday life. With respect to physical defects and flaws, there’s constantly plastic medical procedure! In any case, it’s of no utilization! I my sentiment, I think it just assists individuals with feeling much improved, just by accepting that so they can be much the same as every other person, what with all the ladies ready to resemble their most loved actress†¦ It doesn’t help by any means, and in the opposite it can just make one individuals second rate compared to the individual he need to duplicate! . Think about the characters of Hazel and George. Why isn’t Hazel impaired? It’s clear that Hazel isn’t impaired on the grounds that she is as of now brought into the world crippled, so there’s no compelling reason to debilitate her in a counterfeit manner simply like her better half! Furthermore, I feel that notwithstanding the debilitation stuff he is obliged to wear, George would have hitched her in any case! 5. Whatever degree do TV, radio, and the broad communications for the most part work like George’s mental impairment radio? | I believe that administrations utilize every one of these stuffs to keep us from truly look under the outside of what they do! Regular we’re so suffocated over such huge numbers of TV appears, there’s continually something new to see on web, something to download, and the radio is consistently working, by what means can one truly focus on what is significant with these endless stuffs? How might one think appropriately? What's more, you’re said you should find out additional, you should work more earnestly to accomplish your objectives and carry on with a decent life, yet in the mean time life is cruising by, and you can’t even benefit of it while you’re still youthful. One day you wake up, and you’re old! Also, it’s past the point of no return. Instructions to refer to Kurt Vonnegut and City News Bureau, Papers

Leadership theory skills approach Research Paper

Administration hypothesis aptitudes approach - Research Paper Example What specific aptitudes do powerful pioneers have? For what reason do a few heads have wonderful critical thinking aptitudes while others don't? (Northouse, 2009, 47) all in all, the analysts attempted to discover the administration angles that achieve honorable exhibition in genuine associations. Gotten from the wide-extending discoveries of the exploration, Mumford and partners (2000) built up an aptitude arranged authority approach. The methodology is characterized as an ability system since it centers around the connection between's the aptitudes and information on a pioneer and his/her genuine exhibition. Initiative aptitudes can be learned or procured after some time through training, experience, and preparing (Northouse, 2009; Rowe and Guerrero, 2010). Dislike the ‘great man’ hypothesis, which expresses that administration is constrained to a gifted and excellent few, the abilities model contends that most people can possibly become extraordinary pioneers. In the event that people can take in or obtain constructive results from their encounters, they can create administration aptitudes (Northouse, 2009, 47-48). Rather than featuring the conduct or activities of pioneers, the aptitudes model perspectives initiative as the abilities and information that encou rage effective administration. The initiative abilities approach looks like the quality model, yet rather than putting accentuation on the characteristics of a pioneer, pioneer aptitudes are respected to be the most significant element for fruitful administration. The authority aptitudes approach centers around the conduct of the pioneer. By the by, the abilities approach contends that initiative conduct can't be isolated from its social setting (Daft, 2008). Moreover, the abilities approach suggests that initiative capacities are upgraded through understanding. Information is the center initiative capacity that is discussed in aptitudes hypothesis (Lussier and

Friday, July 3, 2020

The Correlations Between Alumni Giving Rates And Graduations Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

The data suggests that the distribution of percentage Alumni donation rate is normally distributed with estimated mean of 29 and standard deviation of 13.44. Scatter plot of Alumni giving rate and Graduation rate. The plot suggests a statistically significant [F(1,46) = 61.3, P lt; .001) positive correlation of .756 between graduation rate and alumni donation rate. The higher the graduation rate, the higher the alumni donation rate. The alumni donation rate ranged from 7% (University of California Davis of CA) to 67% (Princeton University of NJ) with a mean of 29.3% (SD 13.4) whereas graduation rate ranged from 66% (University of Texas Austin of TX) to 97% (Harvard University of MA) with a mean of 83% (SD 8.6). The regression equations giving the average relationship between the variables are: Alumni donation rate: -68.8 + 1.2 times graduation rate. I.e. Donation rate increases 1.2% on an average for every 1% increase in graduation rate. Variation in graduation rate could explain 57% variation in Alumni giving rate. Scatter plot of Alumni giving rate and percentage of classes under 20 The percentage of classes under 20 ranged from 29 (U. of Illinois-Urbana Champaign of IL) to 77 (Yale University of CT) with a mean of 55.7 (SD13.2). There is positive correlation (r = .646, F(1,46) = 32.9, P lt; .001) between the variables and the average relationship is expressed as: Alumni giving rate (%) = -7.4 + 0.66 times percentage of classes under 20. i.e. every 1% increase in percentage of classes under 20 increase the Alumni donation rate by 0.66%, on an average. Variation in percentages of classes under 20 explains 41.7% variation in Alumni donation rate. Relationship between Alumni donation rate and student/faculty ratio The Student/Faculty ratio ranged from 3 (California Institute of Technology of CA) to 23 (University of Florida of FL) with an average of 11.5 (SD 4.9). The observed correlation coefficient of -.742 does suggests a negative association between the variables at the population level [F(1,46) = 56.5, P lt; .001). Mathematical expression modeling the average relationship between the variables is: Alumni donation rate = 53 2.1 times Student/faculty ratio. Every unit increase in the student/faculty ratio brings down the alumni donation by 2.1%, on an average. Variation in st udent/faculty ratio could explain 55.1% variation is Alumni donation rate. Distribution of Alumni giving rate (%) in colleges from the East and the West The difference in the mean of percentage of Alumni donation rate in colleges from the East (n= 25, Mean = 35.0, SD = 11.7) and the West (n = 23, Mean = 23, SD = 12.5) is statistically significant (t(46) = 3.44; P = .001). Thus, the alumni from colleges in the East donate more often than their counterparts from colleges in the West. Question 2 The correlation between student/faculty ratio and Alumni giving rate (%) is strongly correlated (r = -.742). The estimated regression equation is: Alumni giving rate = 53.014 2.057  ´ student/faculty ratio. Regression equation gives the mean of alumni giving rate for a given value of student /faculty ratio. Therefore, at a student/faculty ratio of 15, the average alumni giving rate = 53.014 2.057  ´15 = 22.159. Standard error of this estimate is given by and has 46 (48 2) d.f. Here, sy.x = = 9.1 and x = 15. Hence SE = = 9.1  ´ 0.178 = 1.62. [Since variance = 23.53, = 47 ´23.53)}. The question whether by keeping student/faculty ratio at 15, we could make the alumni giving rate at 50% is equivalent to testing whether the estimated mean alumni rate at student faculty ratio of 15 = 50 (H0:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­ =  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­0) against H1:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¹50. Therefore the test statistic t = (22.159 50)/9.1 = -3.06 follows t distribution with 46 d.f. The two tailed probability (P-value) for |t| = 3.06 is .0037. Since the P-value is less than the conventional level of 5%, we reject the null hypothesis. i.e., by keeping student/faculty ratio at 15, we cannot make the alumni giving rate at 50%. Alternatively, the inference can be made from the scatter plot of alumni giving rate with student / faculty ratio with fitted regression line (average alumni rate for the student / faculty rate) and the 9 5% CI for the estimate. The value 50 for alumni giving rate is way outside the confidence interval at student/faculty ratio of 15. hence Prof Jimmys claim that alumni giving rte of 50% could be achieved by keeping student/faculty ratio at 15 could easily be rejected. In fact, even for the lowest student/faculty ratio reported in the study of 3, the estimated alumni giving rate is only 46.8%. The estimated alumni giving rates for student/faculty ratio of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 are 42.7, 32.4, 22.2, 11.9 and 1.6, respectively. Question 3 The location was coded as East = 1 and West = 0 for doing regression. The regression coefficient of location is the average difference in the alumni giving rate of East compared to West. The estimated regression equation is: Alumni giving rate = -16.47 + 0.689  ´ graduation rate + 0.018  ´ % of classes under 20 1.192  ´ student/faculty ratio + 2.526  ´ location. The contribution of graduation rate (+) and student /faculty ratio (-) towards alumni giving rate is statistically significant and all the variables together explains 70.7% variation in alumni giving rate.. Question 4 Executive summary Alumni donations are an important source of revenue for privately funded Universities. It is important to study factors that could enhance the percentage of alumni who make a contribution and implement policies accordingly. Previous studies indicated that students with good contact with teachers have better chances of graduation. Prof Jimmy Michael, President of the University, collected data from 48 top Universities in US to study relationship between alumni giving rate (AGR) and factors like student/faculty ratio (SFR), % of classes under 20 (PC20), graduation rate (GR) and location of the University. The Universities in the East and West was almost equally represented in the sample (25 from East and 23 from West). The AGR ranged from 7% (University of California Davis) to 67% (Princeton University) with a mean of 29.3% (SD 13.4). GR ranged from 66% (University of Texas Austin) to 97% (Harvard University) with a mean of 83% (SD 8.6) and was positively correlated (r = .756) w ith AGR. Simple regression analysis suggested that AGR increases by 1.2% on an average for every 1% increase in GR and the contribution was statistically significant. PC20 ranged from 29% (U. of Illinois-Urbana Champaign) to 77% (Yale University) with a mean of 55.7 (SD13.2). The data showed a positive and statistically significant correlation (r = .646) with AGR. The contribution of PC20 to the AGR estimated from simple linear regression was 0.66% for every 1% increase in the PC20. SFR ranged from 3 (California Institute of Technology) to 23 (University of Florida) with an average of 11.5 (SD 4.9). The observed correlation coefficient of -.742 with AGR was statistically significant and simple regression analysis suggested every unit increase in the SFR brought down AGR by 2.1%, on an average. The data suggested that alumni from colleges in the East (mean AGR 35%, SD 11.7) donated more often than their counterparts from colleges in the West (mean AGR 23%, SD 12.5) and the d ifference was not a chance finding. The individual contribution of the four factors was assessed by multiple regressions. Statistically significant contributions came from GR and SFR. Higher GR and lower SFR increased AGR with similar relative importance. The estimated AGR (%) with SFR of 10 and GR (%) of 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95 was 21.3, 25.1, 28.9, 32.7, 36.5 and 40.2, respectively. With an SFR of 15, the figures were 15.1, 18.9, 22.7, 26.4, 30.2 and 34.0, respectively. It may not be economically feasible to bring down the SFR beyond say, 10 and it is more important to increase the GR.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

What The Best Essay Topics on the Mind Is - and What it Is Not

What The Best Essay Topics on the Mind Is - and What it Is Not A Startling Fact about the Best Essay Topics on the Mind Uncovered Moreover, you wish to go for an essay topic that's going to make it possible for you to demonstrate your skills to the best of your ability. You may see that the method is virtually always the exact same. If you think that you require assistance with your written assignments it is preferable to ask for skilled help from online writing service. As previously noted, there's in addition the choice to get help with the remainder of the assignment. Writing a superb persuasive essay is not a simple task, however, it's achievable. The writers may also aid you with your essay topic and compose the full paper for you. More important is to opt for an essay topic that you are going to be interested in writing with passion. Nobody really wishes to compose an essay. The thesis gives you a guideline on how best to go about with writing the essay. 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Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The duality of human nature - 841 Words

The Duality of Human Nature One of the most vital concepts incorporated into The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is the representation and depiction of the duality of mankind. Jekyll works to find a solution which will separate him into his reckless, immoral persona and his respectable, Victorian self. After consumption, this potion causes him to completely transform into a man who is known as Hyde. As Hyde, he can express himself in immoral, evil ways. This not only includes moral and immoral wants but rational and irrational wants. Not only does this transformation enable him to keep his good reputation even while he does horrid, unacceptable things, but it allows him to do things which he most likely would not even†¦show more content†¦The conscious mind is above the waterline, the preconscious is below the waterline but still visible, and the unconscious is well submerged beneath the water and is not visible to us. Though Jekyll is fully responsible for his behavior and actions, Hyde is not. While Jekyll has the option to do good or evil, Hyde is completely focused on evil as this was the intent of the transformation. The fact that Jekyll chose to create a potion to bring forth Hyde rather than bringing forth someone who was concentrated on pure good shows that Even a respectable man such as Jekyll had unconscious urges to do bad. â€Å"If he had â€Å"approached [his] discovery in a more noble spirit,† willing the good to overpower the evil, he would have â€Å"come forth an angel instead of a fiend†. Hyde on the other hand has no choice other than to do evil, and therefore it is arguable whether he should really be blamed for his actions. Though duality in human nature is the central idea of the book, we do not become fully aware or even able to understand how it has any relevance to the book until the very end. Jekyll very clearly states his thoughts on this in chapter 10 â€Å"man is not truly one, but truly two†. Not only does he believe this, but also he believes that these two sides of man are â€Å"Polar twins†. Though the large majority of the focus is placed on Jekyll when trying to express this concept, we also see Utterson becoming â€Å"curious† at times whichShow MoreRelatedDuality Of Human Nature949 Words   |  4 Pagesin literature is the duality of human nature. According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, dualism is a view of human beings as constituted of two irreducible elements. Many pieces of literature concentrate on how every human possesses an animalistic and barbarous nature. In the novel The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson, the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, and the short story William Wilson by Edgar Allan Poe, the idea of duality is explored deeply andRead MoreMacbeth : The Duality Of Human Nature1741 Words   |  7 Pages One of the prominent themes is appearance versus reality, the duality of human nature. In Macbeth we see this theme numerous times in many of the scenes. In act 1 scene 3 Macbeth meets the witches for the first time they give him the vision of being ‘thane of Cawdor’ and thereafter the ‘king’ himself. After the vision we begin to see that Macbeth has begun pondering whether he shall murder Duncan and taking his ‘rightful’ place as king. However at the end of this scene he begins to think in a rationalRead MoreStevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 778 Words   |  3 Pagesaspects of human life. In 1859 Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, a work that opposed the traditional way of perceiving religion. Candyce Klin author of â€Å"Darwinism as A Cultural Issue†, states that The Origin of Species proposed the theory that all living creatures had to compete within their own preconditions in order to survive. This may b e why the controversial issue of the duality of human nature has been found at the heart of many Victorian works. The theme of the duality of man canRead MoreStevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 949 Words   |  4 PagesConrad also employs the literary device of symbolism to further display the theme, the duality of human nature in his novella Heart of Darkness. Three major examples of symbolism are evident in this novella. These examples include, light and dark, the Congo River, and ivory. Similar to Stevenson, Conrad uses light and dark symbolism throughout his novella. Yet curiously in Heart of Darkness, light does not symbolize genuine goodness nor does dark symbolize pure calamity. Marlow proves this when heRead MoreStevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 680 Words   |  3 Pagespersonification is found in both The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Heart of Darkness. This literary device is shown to further demonstrate the theme, the duality in human nature. Personification is defined as the ascription of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of a theoretical quality in human form. Stevenson uses personification to figuratively make London come alive. Mr. Utterson comments on the scenery by saying: â€Å"the fog still slept ... lampsRead More Stevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 1793 Words   |  8 Pagesaspects of human life. In 1859 Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, a work that opposed the traditional way of perceiving religion. Candyce Klin author of â€Å"Darwinism as A Cultural Issue†, states that The Origin of Species proposed the theory that all living creatures had to compete within their own preconditions in order to survive. This may be why the controversial issue of the duality of human nature has been found at the heart of many Victorian works. The theme of the duality of man canRead MoreThe Duality of Human Nature: Menâ₠¬â„¢s Roles Essay1752 Words   |  8 PagesThe Duality of Human Nature: Men’s Roles What truly defines a man? What roles should men hold in society? According to Victorian society, men should be respectful, successful and well known, which often restricted men from enjoying the pleasures of life and revealing their true self. Both Victorian writers, Robert Stevenson and Oscar Wilde, depict the roles of men in their works, while making a critique about the roles that are set by men in society. In the narrative, The Strange Case of DrRead MoreThe Duality of Human Nature in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde547 Words   |  3 PagesStevenson uses the characters of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde to expresses his beliefs about human duality by introducing them as two contrasting characters, instead of just one character. Using two completely different characters with different names and appearances gets his message of human duality across more effectively rather than using just one character that turns a different colour when its angry, for example. We meet Mr Hyde, â€Å"a pale, dwarfish man† â€Å"of no particular age†, and we meet DrRead MoreJekyll And Hyde Character Analysis968 Words   |  4 Pagesnovel, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, explores the duality of human nature. He writes this novel to show us that humans have split personalities, and that there are two sides to human’s personality: good and evil. In the late-Victorian literature, duality appears to be a common theme; serving as a way for modern readers to analyze late-Victorian literature and culture. Stevenson weaves throughout the novel a theme of duality + which appears in the characters of both Jekyll and Hyde as wellRead MoreThe Role Of Duality In Romeo And Juliet1632 Words   |  7 PagesDuality is the nature in which anything and everything bear antithetical complexion, all of which are true. In our perspective, the Earth is an enormous planet; however, it’s also a speck of dust suspended in space. The villain and th e hero of a story are one individual, just perceived differently; for example, Batman is nothing without Joker. Besides, how boring would it be to watch a Batman movie if there were no villains? Thus, you have no hero until you have a villain. Duality can also be characterized

Friday, May 15, 2020

Pros and Cons of the Common Core State Standards

The full implementation of the Common Core State Standards has come and gone, but its true impact on schools and education as a whole may still not be known for several years. Certainly, the shift to a national set of standards has been revolutionary and highly controversial. They have been debated and well discussed, and a handful of states once committed to the standards have recanted to go in a different direction. As the media continues to evaluate the significance of the Common Core and data from Common Core states begin to pour in, you can bet the debate will rage on. In the meantime, lets examine several of the pros and cons of the Common Core Standards that will continue to lead the debate. PROS International Benchmark. The Common Core State Standards are internationally benchmarked. This means that our standards will compare favorably to standards of other countries. This is positive in that the United States has dropped considerably in educational rankings over the last few decades. Standards that are internationally benchmarked can help improve that ranking.States Performance Can Be Compared Accurately. The Common Core State Standards allow states to compare standardized test scores accurately. Up until the Common Core Standards, each state had its own set of standards and assessments. This has made it exceedingly difficult to compare one states results accurately with another state’s results. This is no longer the case with like standards and assessments for Common Core states who share the same assessments.Lower Costs for Test Development. The Common Core State Standards decrease the costs states pay for test development, scoring, and reporting, as individual sta tes will no longer have to pay to have their unique tools developed. Each of the states that share the same standards can develop a like test to meet their needs and split costs. Currently, there are two major Common Core-related testing consortia. Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium is made up of 15 states and PARCC consists of nine states.College Readiness. The Common Core Standards increase the rigor in some classrooms and may better prepare students for college and global work success. This is probably the single biggest reason that the Common Core Standards were created. Higher education has long complained that more and more students need remediation at the beginning of college. The increased rigor should lead students to be better prepared for life after high school.Higher Thinking Skills. The Common Core State Standards—arguably—lead to the development of higher level thinking skills in our students. Students today often are tested on one skill at a time. Th e Common Core assessment will cover several skills within each question. This will ultimately lead to better problem-solving skills and increased reasoning.Progress Monitoring Tools. The Common Core State Standards assessments give teachers a tool to monitor students’ progress throughout the year. The assessments will have optional pre-test and progress monitoring tools that teachers can use to find out what a student knows, where they are going, and to figure out a plan to get them where they need to be. This gives teachers an avenue to compare an individual student’s progress instead of one student against another.Multi-Assessment Model. The Common Core State Standards assessments are more authentic to a child’s learning experience. We will be able to see what a student has learned across all curricula through the multi-assessment model. Students will no longer simply be allowed to come up with the right answer. Often times they must give an answer, state how they arrived at that conclusion, and defend it.Same Standards Across States. The Common Core State Standards can benefit students with high mobility when they transfer from one Common Core state into another. States will now share the same set of standards. Students in Arkansas should be learning the same thing as a student in New York. This will benefit students whose families move constantly.Stability. The Common Core State Standards give students stability, thus allowing them to understand what is expected of them. This is important in that if a student understands what, and why they are learning something, there becomes a greater sense of purpose behind learning it.Teacher Collaboration. In many ways, the Common Core State Standards enhance teacher collaboration and professional development. Teachers across the nation have been teaching the same curriculum. This allows teachers in opposite corners of the nation to share their best practices with each other and apply it. It also provides the opportunity for meaningful professional development as the education community is all on the same page. Finally, the standards have sparked a meaningful, nationwide conversation about the state of education in general. CONS Difficult Transition. The Common Core State Standards have been a tremendously difficult adjustment for students and teachers. It was not the way many teachers were used to teaching and not the way that many students were used to learning. There have not been instant results but instead, has been a slow process with many almost refusing to get on board.Educator Attrition. The Common Core State Standards have caused many outstanding teachers and administrators to pursue other career options. Many veteran teachers have retired rather than adjust the way they teach. The stress of getting their students to perform will likely continue to cause more teacher and administrator burnout.Too Vague. The Common Core State Standards are vague and broad. The standards are not particularly specific, but many states have been able to deconstruct or unwrap the standards making them more teacher friendly.Increased Rigor for Some States. The Common Core State Standards have forced younger students to l earn more at a quicker pace than they ever have before. With the increased rigor and higher level thinking skills, early childhood programs have become more rigid. Pre-Kindergarten has become more important, and skills students used to learn in second grade are being taught in Kindergarten.Lack of Modifications for Students With Special Needs. The Common Core State Standards assessment does not have an equivalency test for students with special needs. Many states provide students with special needs a modified version of a test, but there is no such tool for the Common Core Standards. The entire school’s population have their results reported for accountability purposes.Less Rigorous Than Some Previous Standards. The Common Core State Standards could be watered down when compared to a few states who had previously developed and adopted rigorous standards. The Common Core Standards were designed as a middle ground of the current state standards, meaning that while many statesâ €™ standards were raised, there were some whose rigor decreased.Costly Material. The Common Core State Standards caused many textbooks to become obsolete. This was a pricey fix as many schools had to develop or purchase new curricula and materials that were aligned to the Common Core.Technology Costs. The Common Core State Standards costs schools a lot of money to update the technology needed for the assessments, as most of them are online. This created many issues for districts who had to purchase enough computers for all students to be assessed in a timely manner.Focus on Standardized Testing. The Common Core State Standards have led to an increased value on standardized test performance. High stakes testing is already a trending issue, and now that states are able to compare their performance against other states accurately, the stakes have only become higher.Limited Subject Scope. The Common Core State Standards currently only include skills associated with English-Language Arts (ELA) and Mathematics. There is currently no science, social studies, or art/music Common Core Standards. This leaves it up to individual states to develop their own set of standards and assessments for these topics.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Symbolic References in Great Expectations by Charles Dickens

On most occasions, an object can be more clearly explained to the reader if the writer uses a symbol to represent it. In politics, flags, banners, acronyms, and pictures can be used as a symbol. For example, the United States flag contains fifty stars, each star representing a state. It also contains thirteen horizontal stripes. These stripes signify the thirteen colonies. Symbols are also used in math operations, shapes, and sets of numbers. For instance, in the equation 20+10=30, the + symbol is used for addition, and the = symbol is used to show the answer for the equation. Colors may also be used as a symbol. In some countries, the color white represents purity while the color black embodies evil or mourning. Colors, in†¦show more content†¦Miss. Havisham literally stopped her life when she refused to see the light of day. It appeared as if nobody lived in Satis House. The place, like Miss. Havisham, slowly began to decay. Cobwebs, insects, and dust dominated the scene at Satis House. Even the rotting wedding cake intended to be consumed on such a festive day lay there on a grubby table. This gloomy, dreary, and unclean house was complete with the dreadful memories of the decrepit Miss. Havisham. Another symbol used in Great Expectations is the mist in the marshes. When Pip was small, he lived near the marshes. The marshes are Great Expectations’ setting, a place where Pip meets the convict, his benefactor, for the first time. He met him in a bad situation and since Pip was so naà ¯ve, Abel, the convict, tried scaring him into doing what he wanted him to do. The marshes were the place where dangerous scenes happened in the novel. Sometimes the marshes were not mentioned, but were substituted with words like: the cloudy sky, the fog, and the cemetery. Explaining the marshes in an article titled â€Å"Great Expectations: Themes, Motifs, and Symbols,† the author declares, â€Å"The misty marshes alert the reader that this apparently positive development in his life may have dangerous consequences† (5). These misty marshes symbolize â€Å"danger and uncertainty† (5). In this novel, when something dangerous is about to happen, the marshes appear. Finally, fireShow MoreRelatedDescribe an Important Setting in the Novel Great Expectations817 Words   |  4 Pagessetting in the novel. London. An important setting in â€Å"Great Expectations† by Charles Dickens is London, which is viewed as a place of economic competition and death. The bleakness of the places in London foreshadow a series of unfortunate events for Pip Dickens did not romanticize London but instead gives us a good hard look at the backstreets and alleys where the real life existed. An important setting in the novel Great Expectations is London this setting reveals important themes in the novelRead More Magwitchs Manipulations of Pip in Great Expectations Essay2512 Words   |  11 PagesMagwitchs Manipulations of Pip in Great Expectations      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Great Expectations, Charles Dickens criticizes the motivation of the lower classes to rise to the level of wealth and education held by the upper classes by showing the extent to which Pip is exploited by Magwitch to meet these goals. To meet the expectations of the gentleman, Pip must leave his family and any possibility of earning his living in order to satisfy the educational and societal demands of this standard. MagwitchRead MoreEssay on Great Expectation Test(Answers)2319 Words   |  10 PagesStage I of Pips Expectations: Ch. I to IX Chapter I 1. How does Dickens use setting to convey the mood right at the opening? Charles Dickens uses the  imagery of a bleak,  unforgiving Nature  in his exposition of Great Expectations to convey the mood of fear in Chapter 1.   The weather is described as raw and the graveyard a bleak place.   The small bundle of shivers is Pip himself, who is terrified by a fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg.   He is a desperateRead MoreDavid Copperfield9349 Words   |  38 PagesDavid Copperfield by Charles Dickens†¦. Analysis by: Shrook Essam El-Din Table of Contents: a- Abstract . b- Charles Dickens life . c- Similarity between Charles childhood and David Copperfield . d- Autobiographical Elements of David Copperfield . e- Plot summary . f- Major themes . g- List of references . a- Abstract : David Copperfield captured the hearts and imagination of generations of readers since the day of its publication. Charles Dickens chose the main characterRead MoreThe Colonial Implications in Jane Eyre and Great Expectations3008 Words   |  13 Pagesthese claims of Spivak be applied to Charles Dickens Great Expectations and Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre and to what extent do these novelists draw from the colonial discourse in their representation of the `non- Western world? The Victorian novel has performed an important service in Eurocentric epistemologies and colonial ideologies in formulating the colonial discourse and establishing the alterity of `self and the `Other. Both Great Expectations and Jane Eyre, like most novels producedRead More Virginia Woolfs Jacobs Room - Jacob Flanders, Many Things to Many Readers4383 Words   |  18 Pagescomplement in fiction to Eliots formula for emotional expression in poetry, the objective correlative. While Eliots description of the ideal artistic technique tries to be concise and formulaic, a direct mimetic correspondence, Woolfs technique is symbolic and metaphoric, collective, indefinite, and infinitely more subtle. To describe Jacobs Room as revolutionary is no exaggeration. Her style matured immensely between the 1915 publication of The Voyage Out and the 1917 publication of Night andRead MoreCultural Control in Organizations4076 Words   |  17 Pagesrule someone’s behaviour.† Within the context of organization, control may be defined as a process whereby management or other groups are able to initiate and regulate the conduct of activities such that their results accord with the goals and expectations held by those groups. Control, in an organization has four dimensions: * Technical * Social * Political * Cultural The technical aspect ensures allocation and assessment of resources. The social aspect is all about controllingRead MoreWizard of Oz as a Fairytale Essay4056 Words   |  17 Pagesconscious cultural material (3). The more of this a story has, the less in tune with the collective unconscious psychic processes it is, ie: the further away it is from the archetypal fairy story. Oz was written at a fin-de-siecle time of great transformation in the USA. I think, subconsciously, Baum was able to intuit and express some of his contemporaneous social environment. Von Franz writes that fairytales intuitively reflect human truths but this is due to their collectiveRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesthe text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model† for a piece of critical appreciation. Nevertheless, one can give information and suggestions that may prove helpful. PLOT The Elements of Plot When weRead MoreDisneyland analysis8865 Words   |  36 Pagesexpendable resource for capital accumulation than traditional investment capital, both for private companies and for governments. Cultural capital is considered here as a form of economic capital invested in the production of culture, rather than a symbolic capital, a person’s or group’s knowledge. These circuits of capital are not abstract notions; they are anchored in space where they create geographical landscapes. The company and its imagineers have been pushed by investors to create more and

Regulation Of The United States Federal Government

Regulation The way a society functions is strictly based on the type of culture in which they reside in. A individuals, habits, actions and personality are all shaped, by the infrastructure, rules, and regulations that they have to abide by while residing in society. It is not to say that these policies are a negative notion, but they do certainly shape your lifestyle, and your choices in many ways. By taking a look at regulation it is important to note that, our government has a huge role in the lives of its citizens it resides over. The United States Federal government has its exercise of sovereignty, in other-words, it has legal and accepted authority to regulate people’s living within a certain geographic area that it has jurisdiction†¦show more content†¦Regulation is a major activity at all levels of government. As society becomes more complex, regulations must grow and evolved to meet the demands of a developing society. Concentrating more on the role of regula tion, it can be noted that it is a system that helps protect individuals from one another. So from buyers to sellers; from employee to employer; tenants to landlords, and so on. Regulations is also implemented to alleviate human suffering and promote overall welfare. For instance, aid in the form of Social Security and to Veterans, natural disaster relief, regulation of pollution and toxins, as well as temporary assistance for the unemployed. Last, and most importantly regulation is implemented to minimize and eliminate corruption and abuse of power by government agencies or officials. (Book Source) Taking into account the terms and ideologies stated above, it is easily understood why, we as individuals have decided for so many years, to abide by this social contract with our government. We gain the most benefit from this quid pro quo relationship. Administrative Law and Regulatory Agencies Since we abide by this social contract, it is important to understand how this system works for its citizens that it has jurisdiction over. By looking from the outside in, how our government operates is illustrated by its

Analysis Of Managerial Issues In Organisation †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analysis Of Managerial Issues In Organisation. Answer: Management issues The analysis of the case study shows that there are certain managerial issues that affect the working of the organisation. The issues include: Selection: The first problem that the organisation had was the selection of Tim. Without a proper background check of the work that he had done, Shannon had given Tom the job over dinner and due to a prior relationship that they had. Biases: Frank had sent an email to Shannon over Toms performance due to the failure to meet the standards of the organisation. The fact that Franks indifferent attitude towards Tom led to such an email indicates that Frank is being biased and wanting to fire Tom. Motivation: According to Schermerhorn et al. (2014), motivation plays an important role in increasing the efficiency of the employees. In this case, the attitude and mistrust shown by Frank over Tom had a de-motivating influence on the individual. Leadership: Leadership is another factor that is required for growth in an organisation (Chemers 2014). However, due to the indifferent attitude of Frank on Tom discussions regarding the meetings and open communication were not done. Unprofessional behaviour: Every organisation has the policy to treat its employees with respect. However, the indifferent attitude showed by Frank over the appointment of Tom indicates unprofessional behaviour as efforts were made to get rid of Tom from the organisation. Organisational impact The above-mentioned issues can have a serious negative impact on the quality of work of the organisation. The fact that sudden selection is done without proper procedure indicates that the organisation may not have a proper system for selection and recruitment (Cascio 2018). This can lead to huge losses for the organisation as the selected employee may not be effective for maintaining the quality and reputation of the organisation. The biased attitude shown by Frank over Tom is indicative of the violation of organisational policies. As stated by Marchington et al. (2018) performance appraisal needs to be done without any type of biases. Apart from this, it has been seen that Tom was not motivated enough by the organisation. This may lead to employee turnover as without motivation employees cannot work in an organisation. Leadership also need to be provided so that the employees can be guided to continue the good work. Lack of leadership may lead the employees to provide inefficient services to the organisation (Antonakis and House 2014). The lack of professional attitude shown by Frank over Tom can deplete the organisation of its resources. The fact that Tom had done well in his previous position as sales executive speaks highly of the talents of Tom. Hence, getting rid of such an individual due to personal issues can cause a huge problem for the organisation. The fact that Frank has been putting pressure on Tom to achieve certain improbable goals indicates his dislike for Tom. Such problems between two members in an organisation can bring about the downfall of the organisation, as both the individuals hold the important position in the organisation. Motivational theories Despite the indifferent attitude showed by Frank on Tom, the urgency of the project that he had assigned Tom, need to be considered. With a low-performance appraisal, score and the fact that Tom had been pressurised to work on Frank's project instead of the kiosk project is a cause of de-motivation for Frank. In this regard, it can be said that certain theories related to motivation can be used so that Tom can complete the work on time. One such motivational theory is Herzbergs dual factor theory of motivation. This theory suggests that human beings are driven by two factors, the hygiene and the motivating factor, in order to work efficiently. Job security, proper supervision on the job, policies of the company is some of the factors that if not met can lead an individual to be dissatisfied with the job (Ozguner and Ozguner 2014). Hence, it is necessary for Frank to maintain a proper supervision of the work done by Tom and provide him with the required support necessary for completing the work. In this regard, it can be said that Maslows hierarchy of needs can be applied to motivate Tom. As stated by Cherry (2014) one of the needs of an individual is the security of a job. Without a proper job, security employees can never be motivated to continue to work in an efficient manner. In the case of Tom, the indifferent attitude of Frank and the emailing of the performance appraisal letter had him insecure about his job. Frank need to reassure him that such is not the case and that Tom can keep his position as well as his job if he completes the project on time. Hence, it is necessary for Frank to set small goals for improving the performance of Tom. Specific goals can help an individual achieve the target rather than working without goals (Pinard 2014). This can be done by using the goal-theory which states that small goals are required for the success of an organisation. Frank needs to impose the urgency of the project in a lenient manner so that Tom does not feel any added pressure and continue with the project by providing his best efforts. Theories of Human Resources After analysing the performance of the organisation and the role that the individuals play in achieving an organisational target, it is necessary to apply certain human resource theories that can help in improving the efficiency and overall performance. In this regard, it can be said that the immediate issue that can be spotted is the issue related to a selection of employees. According to Sparrow, Brewster and Chung (2016), recruitment and selection are important for the success of an organisation. Without recruiting proper and talented candidates, organisations cannot hope to gain success in the competitive market. Hence, it is necessary for a candidate to undergo a proper recruitment process that involves various steps such as background check on the eligibility of the job, experience and the skills that are required for gaining success at the job. This is a long process and every individual needs to undertake this process for having a proper selection in the organisation. However, in the case of Tom, such a process was absent ass Tom got the job due to the goodwill of Shannon. This huge human resource issue led to the dislike of Frank, as Tom was a junior person in the organisation in which he worked earlier. Another important theory that can be applied is the performance management theory. It is to be noted that during performance management, the managers need to be unbiased on any of the employees (Pervin 2015). The employees need to be judged based on the work done during the work period. Personal issues need to be cast aside while conducting such an analysis. This leads to effective judgement of the performance of an employee. In the case of Tom, this was not the case as Frank had delivered sent the performancemanagement email to Shannon based on his dislike for Tom. This is an indication of de-motivation as well as based behaviour regarding a particular employee. The result of the email led to jeopardising the professional career of Tom. Thus, this acted as a de-motivating factor for the individual. Theories of leadership The attitude showed by Frank over Tom led to the rise of leadership issues within the organisation. It has been seen that the refusal to communicate properly with Tom and provide him with the empowerment to make decisions are indicative of the adoption of the autocratic type of leadership. According to Dinh et al. (2014), autocratic leaders take every decision-making powers in their own hands. The employees are not given any liberty to make decisions that can help in the success of the organisation. An autocratic leader dictates the things that they want the employees to do so that the team goals and the organisational goal can be achieved. In the case of Frank, this type of approach towards Tom can lead to more disappointment for the individual. Frank need to keep in mind that the project in which Tom is working on is important and need to be completed within the deadline provided. Hence, it is necessary for Frank to adopt a more subtle approach and adopt the democratic leadership style to help Tom be motivated in doing his work. According to Northouse (2015), democratic style of leadership acts as a form of a motivational factor for the employees as employees are provided with the opportunity to make their own decisions. Employees can be involved in the decision-making process and leaders following a democratic style encourage employees to innovate their thoughts. This leads to an improved performance among the employees and the efficiency increases. In the case of Frank, the adoption of this leadership approach can help him to motivate and encourage Tom from completing his work on time. Tom even has the urge to shift his job position to another department that does not involve Frank as a leader. Hence, to prevent such issues it is necessary for Frank to change his style of leadership. Reference Antonakis, J. and House, R.J., 2014. Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(4), pp.746-771. Cascio, W., 2018.Managing human resources. McGraw-Hill Education. Chemers, M., 2014.An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Cherry, K., 2014. Hierarchy of needs.Retrieved Aug,16, p.2014. Dinh, J.E., Lord, R.G., Gardner, W.L., Meuser, J.D., Liden, R.C. and Hu, J., 2014. Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), pp.36-62. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Ozguner, Z. and Ozguner, M., 2014. A managerial point of view on the relationship between of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's dual factor theory.International Journal of Business and Social Science,5(7). Pervin, L.A. ed., 2015.Goal concepts in personality and social psychology. Psychology Press. Pinard, L., 2014. goal setting theory.Learning,4, p.06. Schermerhorn, J., Davidson, P., Poole, D., Woods, P., Simon, A. and McBarron, E., 2014.Management: Foundations and Applications (2nd Asia-Pacific Edition). John Wiley Sons. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

1518 (150 Kb); Oil On Wood, 154 X 119 Cm (60 5/8 X 46 7/8 In); Uffizi, Essay Example For Students

1518 (150 Kb); Oil On Wood, 154 X 119 Cm (60 5/8 X 46 7/8 In); Uffizi, Essay FlorenceIt was for this achievement that Raphael has remained famous throughout the centuries. Perhaps those who connect his name only with beautiful Madonnas and idealized figures from the classical world may even be surprised to see Raphaels portrait of his great patron Pope Leo X of the Medici family, in the company of two cardinals. There is nothing idealized in the slightly puffed head of the near- sighted Pope, who has just examined an old manuscript (somewhat similar in style and period to the Queen Marys Psalter. The velvets and damasks in their various rich tones add to the atmosphere of pomp and power, but one can well imagine that these men are not at ease. These were troubled times, for we remember that at the very period when this portrait was painted Luther had attacked the Pope for the way he raised money for the new St Peters. It so happens that it was Raphael himself whom Leo X had put in charge of this building enterprise after Bramante had died in 1514, and thus he had also become an architect, designing churches, villas and palaces and studying the ruins of ancient Rome. Unlike his great rival Michelangelo, though, he got on well with people and could keep a busy workshop going. Thanks to his sociable qualities the scholars and dignitaries of the papal court made him their companion. There was even talk of his being made a cardinal when he died on his thirty-seventh birthday, almost as young as Mozart, having crammed into his brief life an astonishing diversity of artistic achievements.

Saturday, April 18, 2020

Free Samples of Classification Essay

Free Samples of Classification EssayThe internet is full of free samples of classification essay. Many of these are provided by a variety of authors and include guidance for a wide range of topics. It is important to understand that the purpose of a sample essay is to provide a clear outline of the topic, rather than a guide or a step-by-step method. When you use a sample essay, it will be more helpful to be able to identify the major characteristics of the essay.There are many formats available for sample essays. They can be text, graphics, audio, video, or some combination of the three. Using a free sample will allow you to observe how the essay is written, read, and to see if the different writing styles might be suitable for your class.The first thing to consider when considering a sample essay is what type of writing it is. There are free samples of an essay from some of the most popular writers. These are often included in your syllabus or in the student handbook.Another thing to consider is the kind of format the sample essay will be found in. Many of the formats contain questions, which are to be answered correctly or incorrectly. In other cases, the formatting will vary greatly from one author to the next. Regardless of what format is chosen, the aim of the essay is to give you some idea of how the composition should be presented.In addition to this, there are also a number of authors who have created sample essays for those who need a quick introduction to a topic. The writing format is usually the same as the one used for the written exam. You should be able to determine if the writer is familiar with the subject matter by reading their samples. There is typically a time limit on the sample essays, such as three minutes.Keep in mind that the focus of a sample essay is not only the essay itself, but also the process by which the composition was completed. The majority of these samples were created by professional writers who were aware of the writing process and had an understanding of the writing process. When these writers provide sample essays for free, they are usually providing guidance for a variety of topics.You may find that you have a variety of options when it comes to selecting your samples of essay. Since so many people use the internet for homework assignments, it is unlikely that you will be able to find the same free sample essay in every essay website. It is important to follow the guidelines that each website offers, so that you will be able to understand how to use the essay.If you feel that you need some help with the topic, look into the free samples of classification essay. This can provide an excellent foundation for your essay. With a little help, you should be able to finish a great composition in no time.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Legalize Marijuana Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture

Legalize Marijuana The legalization of marijuana will reduce crime, narcotic drug use, and create a utopian society. Marijuana's effect on society is greatly over exaggerated in that marijuana acts as a scapegoat for many of society's problems. Marijuana is blamed today for being a gateway drug; this means that consumption of marijuana will lead to use of narcotic drugs, this claim has never been proven, the only grounds for it is that marijuana is a more widespread and more sampled drug. Furthermore, the legalization of marijuana would create potential tax revenue that would flow from a regulated market in marijuana. Marijuana grows throughout temperate regions, with more potent varieties produced in dry, hot, upland climates. Marijuana is defined as a cannabis plant; and or a preparation made from the dried flower clusters and leaves of the cannabis plant, smoked or eaten to induce euphoria (marijuana, 827, Webster's). Euphoria is a feeling of great happiness or well being (euphoria, 468). Chronic marijuana users may develop a motivational syndrome characterized by passivity, decreased motivation, and preoccupation with taking drugs. The relationship of this syndrome to marijuana use, however, has not been established. Like alcohol intoxication, marijuana intoxication impairs judgment, comprehension, memory, speech, problem-solving ability, and reaction time. The effect of long-term use on the intellect is unknown. There is no evidence that marijuana induces or causes brain damage (marijuana 2, Microsoft). The Drug Enforcement Agency estimates that we presently have 20 million regular users of marijuana in the United States (Heerema 130). The inclusion of drug users within society is in turn based on the premise that the desire to alter consciousness is a normal human trait, a drive as deep as the need for food, shelter and love (Siegel 1989). Humans perceive the use of marijuana to alter their state of consciousness as being a basic instinct that seems harmless and natural. Prohibition creates crime; it does not solve crime. It creates a tension within society that society cannot long bear. However, because some members of society are more tolerant of drug use than others, the attempt at prohibition inevitably tears society apart. It seems to work, for a while, but sooner or later the prohibition approach becomes untenable if society is to grow rather than stagnate. In the long run, society gradually adapts to the changes made necessary by the failure of the War on Drugs; and the new drugs appear, and then the cycle starts over (Aldrich 548). Therefore, if society wants to continue to grow, we must allow its inhabitants to alter their state of consciousness by using marijuana. A legal, regulated drug supply (as alcohol, tobacco, coffee, tea, and prescription drugs) encourages people both socially and personally to use the smallest dosage and the lowest potency that will be effective. It encourages normalization and control of drug use, and discourages abuse. It accepts a certain social cost in that the use of these drugs will cause problems for some members of society; but it does not deny that drug use is human, and instead works through the problems presented by drug use in such a way as to minimize their harm. In exactly opposite fashion, the criminal approach to drug use encourages drug abuse, by attempting to cut off supply. This policy restriction makes the desired commodity scarce and difficult to obtain. In turn, the user wants as much as possible, in the highest possible potency, for hoarding as well as immediate use. This policy ignores the basic human urge to get high, discourages the controlled use of drugs, and offers no normal socialization, no internal or external controls, and no possibility of harm reduction. It puts even the casual or experimental user into the illicit drug subculture where abuse is more likely; and any attempt to encourage self-control, that is, showing people how to use drugs intelligently and in the least harmful way, is seen as condoning abuse (Weil and Rosen 1983). Therefore, the illicit drug scene, created by drug prohibition laws, encourages high-dose, high-potency drug seeking, and discourages moderation and self-regulation. The process of dilution is possible when drugs are legally regulated; but not when they are criminally distributed. In fact, dilution of strength is the basis for mass marketing of legal drugs;

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Buffy essays

Buffy essays BUFFY: THE SUPREME KICKER OF EVIL BUTT AND TELEVISION RATINGS. The television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, derived from an early 1990's film by the same name, has given birth to the new figure in popular teen culture: The Slayer. Joss Whedon's teen vampire slayer, Buffy, and her band of accomplices are appealing because they operate within the boundaries of our own culture, albeit with our anxieties taking the form of demons. The slayer has become a metaphor for taking control in the all-too-confusing world of Teenage Youth. This essay will explore this theme and how it contributes to the show's popularity on television. In doing so, it will also examine the "Girl Power" wave of the mid-nineties, and its impact on the character of Buffy as part of its larger media impact, as well as Buffy's impact on the portrayal of young women on television and beyond. Added to this girl power, is the popular eternal theme used to obvious effect is good conquering evil. In the past women have been restricted to roles that are considered traditional. Roles associated with traits including emotionality, prudence and compliance, where the males were portrayed through their rationality, efficiency, individualism and ruthlessness. Buffy the Vampire Slayer has changed this, Buffy sharing those characteristics and displaying them dominantly and powerfully. Buffy occupies a position, which invites us to both identify with and to desire. Strong, sexy, and fashionably clad Buffy has the ability to impact both sexes and a wide span of ages, from young teenagers to adults reaching their forties. It is the fact that in battle, whether it be physical or emotional, Buffy always manages to end up on top, which is appealing to both genders. Sarah Michelle Gellers (Buffy) main appeal, especially to teen females, is her accompanying efficiency as an empowering feminist model. She kicks demon butt and she ...

Monday, February 24, 2020

United States of America cycling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

United States of America cycling - Essay Example The American cyclist team has been in existence for almost a hundred years. Set up in 1920, the initial group was to represent the country in the then Olympics.The group has grown to become a national cycling organization mandated with the talent identification and nurturing.Currently the group has a national outlook often soliciting for talented cyclists all over the country and providing them with the best apparatus thereby creating an enabling environment within which they develop their talents in cycling. To succeed in doing this, the group has scouts strewn all over the country searching for the talents and recruiting them into the group. The group capitalizes on the positive attributes of cycling as a sport to generate revenue with which it seeks to develop further and achieve some of its long-term goals. Just like any other, the organization therefore creates social events characterized by cycling competitions as a means of entertaining the society. Such events attract million s of visitors thereby earning the country foreign exchange. Cycling is a sport and a hobby to many within the American society; some people also use the sport a form of exercise. The country therefore has many untapped talents most of which exist idly especially among those who take the sports either as a hobby or an exercise tool. The organization therefore identifies such people and recruit them into the organization from where they do not only become a social group but a league within which they compete for titles and awards. Such competitions bring people together thereby resulting in a more cohesive society. The organization reserves a number of benefits to their recruits in an attempt to making them appreciate the sports and therefore nature their talents. Among the benefits are medical cover, given the understanding that the sport is precarious enough, the organization in partnership with some medical institution arranges for the participants to access subsidized medical pack ages for their insurance policies. This gives the athletes the peace of mind thereby coercing their intense participation in the sport. Additionally, the organization organizes numerous cycling events most of which it does in collaboration with other international groups. Such social events are effective platforms for exposing their talents thereby creating more opportunities for such people. The organization is actively involved in community oriented and therefore purchases and develops property thereby contributing to the national developments of not only the United States of America but also other international countries where its athletes take part in competition (Heijmans and Bill 23). The international cycling union is a profit generating organization and relies on the creativity of its activities to generate the funds for its operations and management. This implies that the organization must carry out effective SWOT analysis in order to make informed management decisions thro ugh which it earns revenues. SWOT analysis is a management tool that researches on the internal structures of the organization and the ability of such structures to earn the organization adequate profits. Additionally, the tool analyses the manner in which the external factors affect the operations of the business. The first two factors of the SWOT analysis are Strengths and weaknesses. The factors are internal implying that the organization can easily manipulate the factors to realize the desired results. The last two factors, which are opportunities and the threats to the business all, originate from the market. The organization cannot easily influence such but its reaction to the factors influences its profitability. Situational analysis-Strengths: The union has numerous strengths, which if managed effectively can secure increased funding for the union. One such strength is its national outlook. Began by the first group that represented the country in the Olympics, the union has a history of presenting a national outlook of the country. This implies that

Saturday, February 8, 2020

Web Searching as an Important Revenue Source for Various Online Firms Essay

Web Searching as an Important Revenue Source for Various Online Firms - Essay Example In order to assess and highlight the current web browsing trends, the paper compares the performance of different browsers and their individual and market performance as well. This comparison would enable to determine the most effective way to gain digital competitive advantage for Google Chrome. Our goal from the analyzation of these market shares to company perceived value is to be able to finally bring google chrome over the top and make it the number one most used web browser. We are in a position and ready to do this, however, first, we need to better understand what we can gain from this. We will be able to gain a better understanding of our competitors and their reliance on web browsers as a source of revenue for their company. Seeing as web browsers have almost no cost, this seems to be a very effective method of raising profits without raising costs. Since Google has a primarily web-based source of total income, it would be wise of us to increase this even more; this has been difficult in recent years seeing as how Google sells only the chrome book as hardware. This will give us a good idea of who may be a possible target for a business deal in which we are allowed to download our web browser as the default. As we are able to see from the numbers alone, we have been able to gain twenty-eight percent of web browser market share within the two years of our introduction of chrome in 2010. The majority of this share was at the expense of Firefox and Internet explorer who had held 32.7% and 52.4% respectively, at the time of our introduction. At the time, safari had only held 3.72% of the market share, which although halved by 2012, does not explain the significant increase that we have experienced with chrome. Currently, the market share for Internet Explorer, FireFox, Safari and Chrome are 34.6%, 5.14%, 1.39% and 28.24%, respectively; meaning that we are 6.36% of market share away from being equal to the market share of internet explorer.

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay Example for Free

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a form of anxiety disorder which is characterized by both compulsions and obsessions. The obsessions are experienced in form of recurrent, unwanted and disturbing images, thoughts, or impulses which usually pop into the minds of individuals causing them a lot of distress and anxiety (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). This results in compulsions which are repetitive intentional behaviors that are done in a bid to reduce the anxiety brought about by the obsessions. The onset of the disorder is earlier among men than among women (Jakes, 1996). In addition, the condition is more common in whites than in blacks and social class does not influence development of the condition (Jakes, 1996). In children, Strep throat is known to trigger onset of the condition or worsen the condition (Jakes, 1996). This is a case of autoimmunity where the antibodies produced to fight streptococci attacks basal ganglia. There are several ways in which the disease is manifested and an individual could have either a single manifestation or multiple manifestations. One grouping of OCD is referred to as checkers and individuals who fall under this category have compulsions to keep on checking things which could be locks, doors, and appliances in order to prevent potential disasters. They do this because they are afraid of disasters befalling themselves and others due to something they do or they do not do (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Another manifestation is in form of washers and cleaners. Individuals who fall under this category have the tendency to repeatedly keep on showering, washing their hands, and cleaning the surroundings. This is because they are afraid and worried about contamination by germs and dirt (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Orderers form another manifestation of OCD where individuals under this category feel compelled to do things in a given, exact way. For example an individual would be obsessed with arranging clothes in a given way. The other group is known as pure obsessionals and individuals in this group keep on having repetitive thoughts which could be in form of counting, praying, or repetition of certain words (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). These compulsions result from troubling intrusive thoughts and images where they think and see themselves harming or endangering others and this leaves them horrified (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Another grouping of individuals with OCD comprises of individuals with scrupulosity. People under this category are obsessed with moral and religious issues and will compulsively pray or engage in religious services. The last manifestation is in form of hoarders where individuals in this category will collect things which others consider as trash or junk. In most cases, these individuals cannot explain why exactly they collect the items and they usually tend to develop an attachment to these items such that they cannot throw them away (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). The cause of the condition is thought to be genetic but environmental factors do modify its manifestation. Researchers believe that multiple genes are involved in its transmission from generation to generation and these genes are responsible for modifying brain function (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). When these genes are inherited, they cause variations in brain structure, circuitry, and neurochemistry and this inclines one to develop OCD. According to research statistics, the rate of OCD among family members where one individual has the condition is higher than among members of families where no relative has the condition (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). In addition, for majority of the people where the condition appears in childhood, there is usually a blood relative with the condition leading to confirmation that genetic factors are involved. Apart from genetics, environmental factors also play a role in the development of the condition. If individuals who are genetically predisposed to development of the condition are subjected to factors in the environment that stress them, then they are more likely to develop the condition. These stressing factors include childhood neglect, family stress, death, physical trauma, psychological trauma, illness, and divorce (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). In addition, people who are genetically predisposed to development of the condition can develop the disease as they go through major transitions in life which could be adolescence, marriage, retirement or parenthood. Studies have shown that serotonin is involved in the development of OCD (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter which enables communication between brain cells. In people with OCD, brain imaging reveals abnormalities in some areas of the brain and these are usually the basal ganglia, the cingulate gyrus, the thalamus, and orbital cortex (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). These are the brain areas that are involved in the following: processing of information received from the world, sorting of this information based on importance, they enable one to concentrate on tasks being undertaken, and they also alert one to danger. For people who have this condition, these brain areas work overtime, and they focus on ideas and thoughts that are intrusive which under normal circumstances would be filtered out (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). There are several signs and symptoms that characterize OCD. Though the objects of obsession vary slightly from individual to individual, the manifestations of the disorder are usually the same. One of these is obsession and compulsions which usually take more than an hour each day and which interferes with the individuals’ normal lives (Domino, 2007). The obsessions are usually recurrent and the patients usually try to ignore the thoughts or they neutralize these thoughts with compulsions. The individuals with these compulsions and obsessions usually have no other mental disorders (Domino, 2007). The compulsions are also repetitive and deliberate and they are aimed at neutralizing the obsessive thoughts. There are usually no specific tests for this condition and diagnosis is usually based on presence of the above signs and symptoms after which differential diagnosis is made (Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2008). After OCD is confirmed, several tests are done to determine severity and nature of the compulsions and obsessions. They include the Maudley obsessional compulsive inventory, the Yale brown Obsessive compulsive scale, and Leyton obsessional inventory (Domino, 2007). There is need for differential diagnosis in people suspected to have this condition. Distinguishing this condition from other disorders such as mood disorders, other anxiety disorders, impulsive spectrum disorders, Padua inventory, obsessive compulsive personality disorders (OCPD), impulsive spectrum disorders, and delusional disorders can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis requires a careful evaluation of an individual’s history. There is need to differentiate depression caused by OCD from that caused by others factors. It is also important to differentiate between OCD and trichotillomania where in trichotillomania just like in OCD individuals get relief out of pulling their hair but have no obsessive thoughts (Hollander Stein, 1997). Another condition requiring differential diagnosis is schizophrenia which is also characterized by obsession and rituals though the rituals in schizophrenic individuals are usually purposeless (Hollander Stein, 1997). In addition, other symptoms of schizophrenia are absent. Since some OCD patients also experience panic attacks, this can make OCD to be confused with panic disorder. However, OCD panic attacks are secondary to obsessional fears (Hollander Stein, 1997). Differential diagnosis between OCD and OCPD is also required since OCPD patients exhibit symptoms that are similar to those of OCD such as preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism (Hollander Stein, 1997). However, in OCPD there is no obsession and compulsions. Borderline personality disorder may also be confused with OCD as patients also experience strong feelings and thoughts about certain issues. There are several approaches that are employed in the care of OCD patients. The treatments used include behavioral therapies, medications and cognitive behavioral therapy. Medications used are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and they include sertraline, paroxetine, cilatopram, and fluvoxamine (Domino, 2007). Medications are usually combined with cognitive behavioral therapy. The behavioral therapies usually include exposure therapy and ritual prevention therapy. For ritual prevention, the patients are helped to resist urges to engage in compulsive behavior for long while in exposure therapy individuals are subjected to the factors that compel them to behave compulsively and then helped to resist the urges (Hollander Stein, 1997). Cognitive behavioral therapy involves helping the patients to change their negative thoughts and behaviors. At other times, cognitive behavioral therapy is administered to a group. Response to treatment varies with age where medications are less effective in children and adolescents while adults respond well to treatment with a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medications (Hollander Stein, 1997). References Domino, F. J. (2007). The 5-minute clinical consult. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Hollander, E. Stein, D. J. (1997). Obsessive compulsive disorders: diagnosis, etiology treatment. London: Informa health care Hyman, B. C. Pedrick, C. (2009). Obsessive compulsive disorder. Minneapolis, MN: Lerner Publishing Group, Inc. Jakes, I. (1996). Theoretical approaches to obsessive compulsive disorder. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press Lippincott Williams Wilkins. (2008). Nurse’s 3-minute clinical reference. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

Satire in George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) :: Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 Essays

Satire in 1984 1984 is a political parable. George Orwell wrote the novel to show society what it could become if things kept getting worse. The first paragraph of the book tells the reader of the "swirl of gritty dust....The hallway smelt of boiled cabbage and old rag mats." Just from these few lines Orwell makes it clear that there was absolutely nothing victorious abuot Victory Mansions. Every image the reader recieves from Winston Smith is pessimistic. Hate week, for example, is a big event in Oceania. The citizens prepare for it like Christmas. Instead of jolly songs with family and friends over punch, Hate week is celebrated with fists in the air while chanting about death, Goldstien, and whatever the party wanted the citizens to disgust. Winston hates the party and Big Brother. He hates the "pure" ones, also. Everthing about Winston's life drives him closer and closer to a suicidal point each day. What makes things worse, hte Party makes Winston think that he is crazy for wanting to be free to think and for wanting to remember. These simple things are taken for granted today. George Orwell devilishly illustrates the brutality that man can be capabel of when he is given such power. The people of Oceania are forced to love Big Brother. There is possibly no one that loves Bill Clinton, besides his family. there are several that love to makes fun of him, but on the political mainstream love is not involved as it is in Oceania. The setting in itself is an extremely important part of the novel. Winston lived in a "dark, gray drab jungle." Posters of Big Brothr were everywhere. The telescreen could see and hear asmost everything that Winston did. However, Winston could hide from it long enough to write in his diary even though he knew he would get caught eventually. Winston was alienated before Julia. He didn't have much contact with other people; he was constantly hungry both physically and emotionally. However, it is ironic that Winston enjoys the work he does but he hates

Monday, January 13, 2020

Colgate Pricing Strategy

In a highly competitive oral care market, Colgate holds its’ own, and maintains a category leadership position. The company's strategies to category growth are accomplished by long-term, joint planning with retailers; understanding consumers and how they shop; and employing integrated marketing to demonstrate the benefits of new products. The company has long been on the voyage to establish the best brush possible, and in doing so, has developed a number of impeccable products along the way. The introduction of the Wisp portable mini-brush, which was voted 2010 Product of the Year and marketed through online video and social media, increased Colgate's market share of the U. S. manual toothbrushes to a record 32. 2% last year. In the toothpaste segment, Colgate took the leadership position with 36. 2%. Earlier this year, Colgate introduced Wisp Plus Whitening with over 15 million impressions in the second quarter. Articles in Fitness and InStyle magazines and mentions on â€Å"The View† television program and numerous blogs further promoted awareness of the product, as did sampling at colleges and conducting a Facebook fan drive. In keeping up with consumer trends, Colgate began to focus on features, comfort and professional recommendations. Consumers first purchased toothbrushes without much knowledge or information concerning the product’s benefits. As new product development increased, and consumers became better informed about the benefits of toothbrushes, they began to focus their interest not only on cavity prevention, but also on the health of their gums, their oral hygiene, and their cosmetic appearance. Because consumer interest and toothbrush purchases began to increase, advertising and promotion also began to increase, which lead to the development and addition of the super-premium product class (McCarthy, 2002). Consumers began to purchase toothbrushes based on the specific benefits each toothbrush and company had to offer. One study identified 46% of adults as being therapeutic brushers – that is, brushers acting primarily to avoid cavaties and other problems with oral care (Pauszek, 2009). In reaction, Colgate developed the new Prescision toothbrush. CP tracked consumers brushing movements and how they affected plaque removal, thereby developing a brush with a varation of bristle lengths to thoroughly clean hard to reach areas (Younger, 2002). Production began in 1989 when the company put together a research team whose purpose was aimed at testing the design of the toothbrush, how the company would market the product, and how the company would gain a competitive advantage over others. Colgate-Palmolive’s mission was to â€Å"develop a superior, technical, plaque-removing device† (Laidler, 2003). The research team tested and experimented with the toothbrush for eighteen months by the usage of â€Å"dental professional focus groups and product usage tests. † This led to the introduction stage of the product life cycle, with the â€Å"launching† of the Precision toothbrush to the oral health care market in 1993 (Laidler, 2003). Colgate-Palmolive considered many different names, which included, â€Å"Colgate System III, Colgate Advantage, Colgate 1. 2. 3, Colgate Contour, Colgate Sensation, and Colgate Probe† (Laidler, 2003). Colgate-Palmolive decided upon the name Precision, because they did not want a name that could lead customers to associate the new toothbrush with their already existing toothbrush, Colgate Plus. The price budget for promotion was set at 14. 4 million dollars. The company’s promotion plan was to â€Å"induce trial† (Laidler, 2003). Colgate Palmolive planned to promote the Precision toothbrush by offering a free five-ounce tube of toothpaste or a fifty percent off coupon that could be put towards any other size of toothpaste to every consumer who purchased a Precision toothbrush, and by offering $. 0 off coupons (Younger, 2002). The position of the Precision toothbrush could be niche or mainstream (Colgate Palmolive, 2009). The focus of niche positioning would be placed on consumers who are concerned about the prevention of gum diseases. There would be many positive benefits to the company if Colgate-Palmolive were to position the Precision toothbrush as a niche product. These benefits would include one, by targeting the segment of consumers who are worried about gum disease; Colgate-Palmolive would be able to charge premium prices (Colgate Palmolive, 2009). Two, Colgate-Palmolive would be able to differentiate the Precision toothbrush from other toothbrushes, because of Precision’s technological superiority over the other toothbrushes already on the market. In contrast, mainstream positioning would place emphasis on the Precision toothbrush as being the most appealing and effective toothbrush available on the market. The advantages of using mainstream positioning for the Precision toothbrush would be that most retail stores are under a mainstream position rather than a niche position. In addition, in the super-premium category, the Precision toothbrush would be the most superior product (Younger, 2002). By positioning the toothbrush as a mainstream product, it would in return increase name recognition for Colgate. Negative advantages of using mainstream positioning for the Precision toothbrush are that although the toothbrush would be superior to the other super-premium toothbrushes, the prices for the Precision and other brushes would be equal. Equal prices would then lead to increased competition, which in return could cause prices to go up. A second disadvantage could also lead to the cannibalization of Colgate-Palmolive’s other super-premium toothbrush, the Colgate Plus. By producing a superior toothbrush, that offers more qualities than the other toothbrushes available on the market, at or around the same price as the competition, consumers will hopefully want to purchase the Precision toothbrush over the others. There will be more qualities offered at no extra charge. The price of the toothbrush if positioned as a mainstream product will have to be equal to the prices of the other toothbrushes already available on the market. If the Precision toothbrush is profitable and there is a high percentage of consumer demand, then Colgate-Palmolive might want to consider increasing the price of the toothbrush by a small margin. The price of a product says something about the quality. Even though the quality of the Precision toothbrush will be significantly higher than other leading toothbrushes, the price of the toothbrush will be determined by the prices of the other toothbrushes already in the market (McCarthy, 2002). This pricing strategy is a result of positioning the toothbrush as a mainstream product rather than a niche product.